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House of Egmond
The Egmond or Egmont family is named after the Dutch town of Egmond, province of Noord Holland, and played an important role in the Netherlands during the Middle Ages. The family is extinct.
==History==
They were one of the principal noble families of the County of Holland during the Middle Ages.〔Aalbers, J., et al, "De Bloem der Natie, Adel en Patriciaat in de Noordelijke Nederlanden. Amsterdam, 1987; p. 54〕 The family said to be descendents of the Kings of Friesland and early Counts of future Holland, maintained some power due to its hereditary position as ''Voogd'' (Advocate) of the powerful Egmond Abbey in North Holland. They built their residence in Egmond aan den Hoef and became the Lords of Egmond. Thanks to a number of judicious marriages they were able to add the strategically important Lordship of IJsselstein〔Dek, Dr. W.A.E., Genealogie der Heren en Graven van Egmond. The Hague, 1958; p.14〕 and the semi-sovereign territory of the Lords of Arkel〔Dek, Dr. W.A.E., Genealogie der Heren en Graven van Egmond. The Hague, 1958; p. 18〕 to their domains.
The family achieved even greater prominence in the period of Burgundian and Habsburg rule over the Netherlands. In the late 15th century, the senior branch became the sovereign Dukes of Guelders, whilst the younger branch split into the Counts of Egmond (elevated to become Princes of Gavere in 1553) and the Counts of Buren and Leerdam.〔Dek, Dr. W.A.E., Genealogie der Heren en Graven van Egmond. The Hague, 1958; pp. 21-33 and pp. 48-64. Coppens, Thera, "Buren, Egmond en Oranje; Over heren, graven en prinsen" Buren, 1989; pp.14-46〕 The senior branches of the family died out in the 16th and 17th centuries, but illegitimate branches (such as that of the Bavarian Counts of Geldern-Egmond〔Dek, Dr. W.A.E., Genealogie der Heren en Graven van Egmond. The Hague, 1958; pp.34-47〕) flourished well into the 20th century.
The execution of Lamoral, Count of Egmont in 1568 helped spark the Dutch Revolt that eventually led to the independence of the Netherlands, while Anna van Egmond-Buren, known as Anna van Buren〔Dek, Dr. W.A.E., Genealogie der Heren en Graven van Egmond. The Hague, 1958; p. 67. Coppens, Thera, "Buren, Egmond en Oranje; Over heren, graven en prinsen" Buren, 1989; pp.79-106〕 in the Netherlands, was the first wife of William the Silent, the leader of this national uprising. Ironically, in 1573 both the Egmond Abbey and the Egmond Castle were destroyed on order of William the SIlent.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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